Cliff Dwelling at Montezuma's Well


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Unknown Unknown inpr1404pf.jpg IN-PR-1404 B&W 1508-1404-0006 inpr1404pf Print 3x5 Historic Photographs 1880 Reproduction requires permission. Digital images property of SHM Library & Archives

Description

The land around Montezuma's Well has been home to many prehistoric groups of people since as early as 11,000 CE.

One of the cultures to build homes here were probably the Hohokam, here from the Salt River Valley in southern Arizona. The pit house, dated to around 1050 CE, is exemplary of their architecture. Where the water leaves the Well and flows out of the narrow cave, these early farmers channeled it a thousand years ago into a canal that ran for miles and irrigated acres of corn, beans, and squash. The Hohokam likely lived alongside another culture who had been in the Verde Valley even longer. By the 1100s, the people of the Sinagua culture began building small dwellings in the cliffs around the Well. Over time, they built more than 30 rooms along the rim. Their pueblo here was one of 40 to 60 villages that dotted the banks of waterways throughout the valley. By 1425, the people had migrated to other places. The rooms at Montezuma Well stood empty, but the builders’ descendants still return. The Hopi, Zuni, and Yavapai all recount oral histories of their ancestors living here. The Western Apache, as well, have revered this landscape for centuries.

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